Overview
Overview
Conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, is an inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva — the thin, transparent layer that lines your eyelid and covers the white part of your eyeball.
When the small blood vessels in the conjunctiva become inflamed, they become more visible, causing the eyes to appear reddish or pink.
Conjunctivitis can affect one or both eyes and is highly contagious, depending on the cause.
Causes
Conjunctivitis can be caused by several factors, including:
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Viral infection – Most commonly caused by adenoviruses; very contagious.
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Bacterial infection – Caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Haemophilus influenzae.
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Allergic reaction – Triggered by pollen, dust mites, pet dander, or other allergens.
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Irritants – Exposure to smoke, chlorine in swimming pools, or chemical fumes can irritate the eyes.
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Newborn conjunctivitis – Can occur when a baby is exposed to infectious agents during childbirth.
Symptoms
Common signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis include:
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Redness in one or both eyes
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Itching or burning sensation
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Excess tearing or watery discharge
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Thick yellow or green discharge that may cause the eyelids to stick together, especially after sleep
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Swollen eyelids
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Light sensitivity (photophobia)
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Gritty feeling as if something is in the eye
If symptoms persist or worsen, consult an eye specialist to rule out more serious conditions.
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