Neurofibroma

A neurofibroma is a benign tumor that develops along your nerve cells. This tumor is a symptom of a group of rare, inherited conditions called neurofibromatosis. People born with neurofibromatosis may have tumors on their skin, under their skin or deeper in their bodies. Most neurofibromas don’t cause medical problems. Some larger neurofibromas can affect many nerves and cause serious medical issues. Healthcare providers treat neurofibromas with surgery.

Who is affected by neurofibromas?

People are born with neurofibromas, but it can be years before the tumors become noticeable. Neurofibromas typically become more noticeable during adolescence. Approximately 1 in 3,000 children have neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1), which is usually diagnosed by age 10. Approximately 25% of those children develop tumors that grow large enough to cause serious medical issues.

How do neurofibromas affect people?

Neurofibromas affect people in different ways depending on the tumor type, size and location. Some neurofibromas cause small lumps or patches of thickened skin. Other larger neurofibromas can affect people’s internal organs and spinal cords.

Are neurofibromas cancerous?

Most neurofibromas aren’t cancerous, or malignant. But about 10% of all plexiform neurofibromas can become cancerous.