Mold Allergy

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a mold allergy involves reviewing symptoms, doing a physical exam and using tests to identify specific triggers. Two common tests help confirm mold allergies. A skin prick test places diluted mold allergens on the skin of the arm or back using tiny punctures. If you’re allergic, a raised bump called a hive appears at the test site. A blood test may also be used. This test measures immunoglobulin E antibodies in the bloodstream to check for sensitivity to certain types of mold.

Treatment

Managing a mold allergy focuses on reducing exposure and relieving symptoms. Complete avoidance is not possible, but several treatments can help.

• Nasal corticosteroids help prevent and treat inflammation caused by mold allergies. These sprays are often the first recommended treatment and can be used long term, though nosebleeds or dryness may occur.
• Antihistamines reduce sneezing, itching and a runny nose by blocking histamine. Some are available without a prescription and cause little or no drowsiness. Antihistamine nasal sprays are also an option, though they may cause a bitter taste or nasal dryness.
• Oral decongestants can ease congestion but may raise blood pressure or cause insomnia, anxiety or restlessness.
• Decongestant nasal sprays offer quick relief but should not be used for more than a few days because symptoms can return and worsen.
• Montelukast blocks leukotrienes that trigger allergy symptoms, but it carries a boxed warning due to possible side effects such as anxiety, depression and suicidal thoughts.

Other treatments may be recommended depending on symptoms. Immunotherapy, such as allergy shots, may help with certain mold allergies. Nasal lavage can clear irritants using a saltwater rinse. Use distilled, sterile, boiled and cooled or properly filtered water for mixing the solution and for rinsing the device, and allow the device to air-dry after each use.