Amyloidosis

Diagnosis of Amyloidosis

Amyloidosis occurs when abnormal protein deposits (amyloid) build up in organs, affecting their function. Diagnosis involves:

• Medical history and physical exam: Symptoms vary depending on affected organs (heart, kidneys, liver, nerves).

• Blood and urine tests: Measure abnormal proteins or light chains in blood or urine.

• Imaging tests: Echocardiogram, MRI, or other imaging to evaluate organ involvement.

• Biopsy: Tissue samples from affected organs or fat pad aspiration confirm amyloid deposits under a microscope.

Treatment of Amyloidosis

Treatment focuses on reducing amyloid production and managing organ damage:

• Medications: Chemotherapy-like drugs for light-chain (AL) amyloidosis or targeted therapy for hereditary forms.

• Supportive care: Treating heart, kidney, or nerve complications.

• Stem cell transplant: For selected patients with AL amyloidosis to suppress abnormal plasma cells.

Key Takeaways

• Amyloidosis can affect multiple organs, requiring individualized treatment.

• Early diagnosis and therapy can slow disease progression.

• Supportive care is essential for maintaining organ function.