Bronchiolitis

Bronchiolitis Diagnosis in Children

• Clinical Examination

  • A healthcare provider typically diagnoses bronchiolitis by reviewing symptoms and listening to the lungs with a stethoscope.

  • Most cases do not require X-rays or lab tests.

• When Additional Tests Are Needed

  • Tests may be recommended if symptoms worsen, your child is at high risk, or another condition is suspected.

• Common Diagnostic Tests

  • Chest X-ray: Checks for signs of pneumonia or other lung issues.

  • Viral Testing: A nasal swab identifies the virus causing bronchiolitis.

  • Blood Tests: Can assess white blood cell counts or oxygen levels in the bloodstream.

• Dehydration Assessment

  • Your child’s provider may check for dehydration, especially if they are refusing food or fluids, vomiting, or producing very little urine.

  • Signs of dehydration include dry mouth, dry skin, extreme fatigue, and decreased urination.

Bronchiolitis Treatment for Children

• Home Care and Comfort Measures

  • Bronchiolitis typically lasts 1–2 weeks, sometimes longer.

  • Most children can recover at home with rest, fluids, and monitoring for worsening breathing.

• Warning Signs of Severe Bronchiolitis

  • Difficulty breathing or struggling for every breath

  • Inability to speak or cry due to breathlessness

  • Grunting noises with each breath

• Medications

  • Antibiotics are ineffective for viral bronchiolitis but may be given if a bacterial infection occurs alongside bronchiolitis.

  • Bronchodilators (like nebulized albuterol) are generally not effective, but may be tried in severe cases.

  • Oral corticosteroids and chest physiotherapy are not recommended.

Hospital Care for Severe Bronchiolitis

• Some children may require hospitalization if symptoms are severe.

• Oxygen therapy may be provided via face mask to ensure adequate oxygen levels.

• Intravenous fluids prevent dehydration in children who cannot drink or eat.

• In critical cases, a tube may be inserted into the windpipe to assist breathing.

Bronchiolitis Recovery and Monitoring

• Most children fully recover within 1–2 weeks.

• Careful monitoring at home for worsening breathing symptoms is crucial.

• Seek immediate medical attention if your child shows labored breathing, blue lips, or severe lethargy.