Epidermoid Cysts

Diagnosis

Epidermoid cysts are usually diagnosed through a physical examination by a healthcare professional. The appearance and texture of the cyst are often enough to confirm the diagnosis.

• Physical examination: Your healthcare provider will inspect and gently feel the affected area to determine the nature of the bump.

• Laboratory testing: In some cases, a small skin sample may be scraped and examined under a microscope to confirm the cyst type and rule out other conditions.

Differentiation from other cysts:

• Epidermoid cysts – Develop from damaged hair follicles or the outer skin layer (epidermis).

• Sebaceous cysts – Arise from sebaceous glands that secrete oily matter (sebum). These are less common.

• Pilar cysts – Form from hair follicle roots and are most often found on the scalp.

Treatment

Most epidermoid cysts are harmless and may not need treatment unless they become painful, infected, or cosmetically concerning.

Treatment options include:

• Injection:

  • A steroid injection can reduce inflammation and swelling.

  • This treatment does not remove the cyst but helps relieve discomfort.

• Incision and drainage:

  • A small cut is made to drain the cyst’s contents.

  • Provides quick relief from pain or pressure.

  • However, cysts can recur after this method since the cyst wall remains intact.

• Minor surgery:

  • The entire cyst sac is removed surgically, preventing regrowth.

  • Stitches may be removable or absorbable, depending on the method used.

  • This is a permanent solution but may leave a small scar.