E. Coli

Diagnosis

To diagnose an illness caused by E. coli infection, your healthcare provider will typically request a stool sample. The sample is sent to a laboratory, where tests are performed to detect the presence of E. coli bacteria. If E. coli is found, the lab may culture the bacteria to confirm the diagnosis and identify specific toxins, such as those produced by E. coli O157:H7, a strain associated with more severe symptoms.

Treatment

There is no specific cure for E. coli infection. Most cases improve with supportive care focused on relieving symptoms and preventing complications.

Treatment usually includes:

• Rest to allow the body to recover

• Drinking plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration and fatigue

Certain medications should be avoided:

• Anti-diarrheal drugs: These can slow the digestive system and prevent the body from eliminating toxins effectively.

• Antibiotics: These are generally not recommended, as they may increase the risk of complications such as hemolytic uremic syndrome and do not appear to speed recovery.

In severe cases where E. coli infection leads to hemolytic uremic syndrome — a life-threatening form of kidney failure — hospitalization is required. Treatment in such cases may include intravenous fluids, blood transfusions, and kidney dialysis to support recovery and prevent further complications.