Overview
Diagnosis
To find out if you have a stress fracture, your doctor asks about your health history and performs a physical exam. In many cases, imaging tests are needed to confirm the injury. These may include:
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X-rays. Stress fractures often do not appear on early X-rays taken soon after symptoms begin. It may take several weeks before signs show up.
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This test uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field to create detailed images of bones and soft tissues. It is considered the most accurate way to diagnose stress fractures.
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CT scan. This series of X-rays creates detailed cross-sectional images of the body. It can be helpful when MRI findings are unclear.
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Bone scan. This test is used less often because many bone issues can look similar on the scan, and it requires exposure to a higher dose of radiation. It may be recommended if a stress fracture is still suspected after an MRI shows no injury. A small amount of radioactive material is injected into a vein, and areas of bone repair appear bright on the scan.
Treatment
Treatment focuses on reducing weight-bearing stress on the affected bone until healing occurs. You may need to wear a walking boot, use crutches, or wear a brace to support the area.
Sometimes, surgery is recommended to ensure complete healing. This may be more likely if the fracture is in a location with poor blood supply. Surgery might also be considered for elite athletes who need to return to activity quickly or for people whose jobs require heavy use of the injured body part.
Tell your doctor if you have pain. You may be advised to use small amounts of acetaminophen for relief. You will likely be told to avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen or naproxen sodium, because they can slow bone healing.
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