Trichomoniasis

Diagnosis

Your healthcare professional can diagnose trichomoniasis through a genital exam and laboratory tests.

Tests may include:
• Swab sample – A cotton swab collects fluid from the vagina or penis. If the parasite is visible under a microscope, no further testing is needed.
• Genetic testing or culture – If the parasite is not seen, a lab can test the fluid for genetic material or try to grow the parasite in a culture.

If trichomoniasis is confirmed, your healthcare professional may also test for other sexually transmitted infections to ensure comprehensive treatment.

Treatment

Treatment for trichomoniasis involves antibiotics. These medications can be used during pregnancy depending on the type and dose. Options include:

• One large dose – Medications such as metronidazole, tinidazole, or secnidazole can be taken as a single dose. Metronidazole is safe during pregnancy, while tinidazole and secnidazole usually are not.
• Multiple lower doses – Metronidazole or tinidazole may be prescribed twice daily for seven days.

For effective treatment:
• Complete the full course as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
• Ensure all sexual partners are treated at the same time to prevent reinfection.
• Avoid sex until treatment is finished and symptoms have resolved.
• Avoid alcohol during treatment and for 72 hours after taking metronidazole or tinidazole, or 48 hours after secnidazole, to prevent stomach upset and vomiting.

Follow-up testing may be done:
• Women are often tested 3 weeks to 3 months after treatment to confirm the infection is gone.
• Men are usually retested only if symptoms persist.

Even after successful treatment, it is possible to get trichomoniasis again if exposed to an infected partner.