Canker Sore

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Diagnosis Diagnosis of canker sores is usually based on a visual examination of the mouth by a healthcare professional. Most cases are easily identified because of their characteristic round or oval shape with a white or yellow center and a red border. In some cases, if sores are severe, frequent, or persistent, additional tests may be needed to rule out …

Primary Progressive Aphasia

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Diagnosis To diagnose primary progressive aphasia, a neurologist or speech-language pathologist will review your symptoms and may order tests. A hallmark of primary progressive aphasia is worsening communication difficulties over 2 to 3 years without significant changes in thinking or behavior. Tests and procedures may include: Neurological exam. This includes a speech-language evaluation and a neuropsychological assessment to measure speech, …

Aphasia

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Diagnosis of Aphasia Diagnosis of aphasia begins with a physical and neurological exam by a healthcare provider. They will assess strength, reflexes, sensation, and listen to the heart and neck vessels. Imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans are used to identify the cause of brain injury. A speech-language pathologist performs a comprehensive language assessment to confirm aphasia and …

Auditory Processing Disorder (APD)

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Diagnosis Diagnosing auditory processing disorder (APD) involves a combination of medical evaluation, hearing tests, and input from specialists. Initial Evaluation: Your healthcare team asks about symptoms, how long they have been present, and any difficulties in hearing or understanding speech. Specialist Involvement: Audiologists: Perform detailed hearing tests. Speech-language pathologists: Assess language use and comprehension. Psychologists: Evaluate cognitive and attention-related factors. …

Aortic Valve Stenosis

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Diagnosis of Aortic Valve Stenosis Diagnosis of aortic valve stenosis begins with a physical exam and review of your symptoms and medical history. A healthcare professional may listen for a heart murmur using a stethoscope and check blood pressure. Referral to a cardiologist is common for detailed evaluation. Diagnostic tests may include: Echocardiogram: Uses sound waves to create images of …

Aortic Valve Regurgitation

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Diagnosis of Aortic Valve Regurgitation Diagnosis of aortic valve regurgitation begins with a physical exam and a review of your symptoms and health history, including family history. A healthcare professional may listen to the heart with a stethoscope to detect a heart murmur and check blood pressure. Referral to a cardiologist is often needed for further evaluation. Common diagnostic tests …

Aortic Valve Disease

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Diagnosis of Aortic Valve Disease To diagnose aortic valve disease, a healthcare professional reviews your medical history, symptoms, and performs a physical exam. A heart murmur, a whooshing sound heard through a stethoscope, may indicate valve problems and often leads to referral to a cardiologist. Tests commonly used include: Echocardiogram: Uses sound waves to create images of the heart and …

Aortic Dissection

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Diagnosis of Aortic Dissection Diagnosing an aortic dissection can be challenging because its symptoms often resemble other heart conditions. Many cases are diagnosed in an emergency setting, where a care team performs a rapid assessment. Signs your healthcare professional may check: Weaker pulse in one arm or leg compared to the other. Differences in blood pressure readings between the right …

Coarctation of the Aorta

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Diagnosis Diagnosis of aortic coarctation depends on how severe the heart condition is. Severe cases are usually identified soon after birth and can sometimes be detected during pregnancy through ultrasound imaging. Milder cases may not be found until later in childhood or adulthood. To diagnose aortic coarctation, a healthcare professional measures blood pressure in the arms and legs. When the …

Anxiety Disorders

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Diagnosis of Anxiety Disorders Diagnosis of anxiety disorders usually begins with a visit to your primary care provider to determine if your symptoms are linked to physical health conditions. Your provider may check for underlying medical issues that could be causing or worsening anxiety. If your anxiety is severe or persistent, you may be referred to a mental health specialist: …