Tongue cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the cells of the tongue. It is a form of oral cancer and can occur in different parts of the tongue, including the front portion inside the mouth or the base of the tongue closer to the throat. Most tongue cancers begin in the thin, flat cells that line the …

Tinnitus is the perception of sound in the ears or head when no external sound is present. People with tinnitus commonly describe the sound as ringing, buzzing, hissing, clicking, or humming. The condition may affect one or both ears and can occur continuously or intermittently. Tinnitus is not a disease itself but a symptom of an underlying condition, often related …

Tinea versicolor is a common fungal skin infection that causes small patches of skin to become lighter or darker than the surrounding area. The condition is caused by an overgrowth of a type of yeast that normally lives on the skin. When this yeast grows excessively, it interferes with the normal pigmentation of the skin. The condition most often affects …

Ringworm of the scalp, also known as tinea capitis, is a contagious fungal infection that affects the scalp and hair shafts. It is most common in children but can occur at any age. The infection spreads through direct contact with an infected person, animal, or contaminated objects such as combs and hats. Ringworm of the scalp requires medical treatment, as …

Trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal nerve, which carries sensation from the face to the brain. This nerve is responsible for transmitting signals related to touch, pain, and temperature from different areas of the face. People with trigeminal neuralgia experience sudden, severe facial pain that may feel like an electric shock. The pain usually occurs …

Transient ischemic attack, often called a TIA or mini stroke, is a temporary period of symptoms similar to those of a stroke. It occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is briefly blocked. Unlike a stroke, the blockage is temporary and does not cause permanent brain damage. Although the symptoms usually last only a few minutes to …

Thyroid nodules are abnormal lumps or growths that develop within the thyroid gland. The thyroid is a small gland located at the front of the neck that produces hormones responsible for regulating metabolism, body temperature, and energy levels. Thyroid nodules are relatively common and often discovered during routine medical examinations or imaging tests. Most thyroid nodules are benign and do …

Thrombophlebitis is a condition in which a blood clot forms in a vein and causes inflammation of the vein. It most commonly affects veins in the legs, but it can also occur in other parts of the body. The condition can involve superficial veins close to the surface of the skin or deeper veins located within the muscles. Superficial thrombophlebitis …

Thrombocytosis is a condition in which the body produces an abnormally high number of platelets in the blood. Platelets are small blood cells that help the body form clots to stop bleeding. While platelets are essential for normal blood clotting, too many of them can increase the risk of abnormal clot formation. There are two main types of thrombocytosis. Primary …

Thoracic outlet syndrome is a condition that occurs when blood vessels or nerves in the space between the collarbone and the first rib, known as the thoracic outlet, become compressed. This pressure can affect the nerves, arteries, or veins that travel from the neck to the arm, leading to pain and other symptoms in the shoulders, neck, and arms. The …