Testicular torsion is a serious and painful condition that affects your testicle(s). If you experience testicular torsion, the spermatic cord twists and cuts off blood flow to your testicle. If you don’t get immediate treatment, your testicle could die. The spermatic cord supplies blood to the testicles in men and people assigned male at birth (AMAB). The testicles are the reproductive organs in …

A retractile testicle is a testicle that moves back and forth between the groin and the scrotum (the pouch of skin behind your penis that holds your testicles) in young children. When a retractile testicle rests in your groin, you should be able to move it into your scrotum by hand easily. It’ll stay there until the cremaster muscle in your scrotum …

Tendonitis (tendinitis) is the inflammation or irritation of a tendon that makes it swell. Tendons are strands of connective tissue between muscles and bones that help you move. This condition usually happens after a repetitive strain or overuse injury. It’s common in your shoulders, elbows and knees. If you have tendonitis, you’ll feel pain and soreness around your affected joint, usually near where the tendon …

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a painful, life-threatening skin condition. It causes large areas of blistering and peeling skin on at least 30% of your body, including mucous membranes like the mouth, eyes and genitals. It’s the result of a reaction to certain medications. Widespread damage to the skin can lead to dangerous fluid loss and infections. TEN, or TEN …

TMJ dysfunctions are conditions affecting your jaw joints and surrounding muscles and ligaments. These conditions can cause several issues, including jaw pain, headaches and difficulty opening and closing your mouth. You might hear people call these conditions TMJ. But “TMJ” refers to your actual jaw joint, while “TMD” stands for temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Another name is temporomandibular joint disorder. You …

Temporal lobe seizures begin in the temporal lobes of the brain. These areas process emotions and are important for short-term memory. Symptoms of a temporal lobe seizure may be related to these functions. Some people have odd feelings during the seizure, such as joy, deja vu or fear. Temporal lobe seizures are sometimes called focal seizures with impaired awareness. Some …

A traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious medical issue that affects how your brain works. You can get a TBI from a hard bump or jolt to your head or if you’re hit with something that penetrates your skull. Traumatic brain injuries are a major cause of death and disability in the U.S. They can cause short-term and long-term medical issues …

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that can cause infection in your lungs or other tissues. It commonly affects your lungs, but it can also affect other organs like your spine, brain or kidneys. The word “tuberculosis” comes from a Latin word for “nodule” or something that sticks out. Tuberculosis is also known as TB. Not everyone who becomes infected with …

Tay-Sachs disease is a genetic condition that causes damage and, ultimately, the death of nerve cells (neurons) in your child’s brain and spinal cord. Symptoms like developmental delays, hearing and vision loss usually begin around 6 months of age. It’s a progressive disease, meaning it gets worse over time. It leads to early death. There’s no cure, but treatment supports your child and keeps them comfortable. What …

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) happens when veins (blood vessels) that bring blood from your baby’s lungs connect to the wrong place in their heart. As a result, their heart can’t put enough oxygen into the blood it sends to the rest of their body. TAPVR is a life-threatening heart condition. It’s congenital, which means it’s present at birth. Some of the time, …