Self-injury, also known as cutting or non-suicidal self-injury, is a behavior in which a person deliberately harms their own body to cope with emotional pain, distress, or overwhelming feelings. Common forms include cutting, burning, scratching, or hitting oneself. The behavior is not usually intended as a suicide attempt, but it is a serious mental health concern that requires attention and …

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that primarily affects the skin. It occurs when certain T lymphocytes become abnormal and accumulate in the skin, leading to chronic skin symptoms. The disease often progresses slowly and may remain confined to the skin for many years, although advanced stages can involve lymph nodes, blood, and internal organs. The …

Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that primarily affects the skin. It develops when B lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, grow abnormally and accumulate in the skin. Unlike systemic lymphomas, cutaneous B-cell lymphoma often begins in the skin without initial involvement of internal organs. The condition usually progresses slowly, and many forms have a …

Cushing syndrome is a hormonal disorder caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Cortisol plays an important role in regulating metabolism, immune response, and the body’s reaction to stress. When cortisol levels remain elevated for long periods, it can disrupt multiple body systems. Cushing syndrome may develop due to the body …

Scoliosis is a medical condition in which the spine curves sideways in an abnormal shape, often resembling an S or C when viewed from behind. While the spine naturally has curves when viewed from the side, scoliosis refers specifically to a sideways curvature. It most commonly develops during the growth spurt just before puberty. Scoliosis can range from mild to …

Peyronie’s (pay-roe-NEEZ) disease is a condition in which scar tissue (plaque) in your penis causes it to bend, curve or lose length or girth (circumference). You may be able to feel the scar tissue through your skin, or you may have pain in a specific part of your penis as the scar tissue forms. When you have an erection, your penis may bend …

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that primarily affects the skin. It develops when certain immune cells called T lymphocytes become cancerous and accumulate in the skin, leading to persistent skin symptoms. Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma usually progresses slowly and may remain limited to the skin for many years, though advanced stages can involve lymph nodes, blood, …

An undescended testicle, also known as cryptorchidism, is a condition in which one or both testicles fail to move down into the scrotum before birth. Normally, the testicles develop in the abdomen and descend into the scrotum during the final months of pregnancy. This condition is common in premature infants and often corrects itself within the first few months of …

Cryoglobulinemia is a condition in which abnormal proteins in the blood, called cryoglobulins, become solid or gel-like at low temperatures. These proteins can block blood vessels and cause inflammation, leading to reduced blood flow to the skin, joints, nerves, and organs. Cryoglobulinemia is often associated with chronic infections, autoimmune diseases, or certain blood cancers. The condition can range from mild …

Croup is a common respiratory illness in young children that causes swelling of the upper airway, particularly around the voice box and windpipe. This swelling leads to a distinctive barking cough and hoarse voice. Croup is usually caused by a viral infection and is most common in infants and toddlers between 6 months and 3 years of age. Symptoms often …