A chondrosarcoma is a type of rare bone cancer that typically develops in cartilage — the flexible connective tissue that protects your joints and bones. Healthcare providers may call this condition a sarcoma. This cancer can appear anywhere you have cartilage, but it usually forms in your: Arms and shoulder blade. Legs. Pelvis. Ribs. Sternum (breastbone). They may also develop in benign bone tumors that become cancerous. …

Cholestasis of pregnancy is a liver condition that causes severe itching late in pregnancy. It’s also known as intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) or obstetric cholestasis. ICP temporarily lowers liver function in some pregnant people. This causes bile to build up in your liver and bloodstream. Bile is a substance produced by your liver and stored in your gallbladder. Every time you eat, bile …

Cholera is a bacterial infection in your gut that can cause severe, watery diarrhea. It can cause you to quickly lose electrolytes (important minerals that help your body work) and become dehydrated. Cholera can be fatal if left untreated. Start drinking plenty of fluids if you have diarrhea. Go to the emergency room if you have severe diarrhea, severe vomiting or signs of dehydration. Cholera most …

Cholecystitis (KO-leh-sis-TY-tiss) is inflammation in your gallbladder, the small, pear-shaped organ that lives under your liver and stores the bile your liver makes. Your gallbladder sends bile to your small intestine after you eat to help digest fats. It sends and receives bile through tiny pipelines called bile ducts. An infection or obstruction in your gallbladder or the bile ducts connected to it can cause inflammation, pain and …

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a disease of the bile ducts. It causes chronic inflammation in your bile ducts (cholangitis), which eventually causes scarring (sclerosis). Scar tissue in your bile ducts causes them to narrow, which restricts the flow of bile through the ducts (biliary stricture). When bile can’t flow, it backs up into your liver, where it came from. This does …

Chlamydia (kluh-MID-e-uh) is a common sexually transmitted disease. Sexually transmitted diseases are infections spread mainly by contact with genitals or bodily fluids. Also called STDs, STIs or venereal disease, sexually transmitted infections are caused by bacteria, viruses or parasites. Chlamydia is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis (truh-KOH-muh-tis) bacteria and spread through oral, vaginal or anal sex. You might not know you …

Childhood obesity is a complex chronic (long-term) condition that happens when your child is above a healthy weight for their age, height and sex assigned at birth. The medical definition of childhood obesity is having a body mass index (BMI) at or above the 95th percentile for age and sex in children aged 2 years and older. Children’s BMI factors differ from adults. For …

Any intentional harm or mistreatment to a child under 18 years old is considered child abuse. Child abuse takes many forms, which often occur at the same time. Physical abuse. Physical child abuse occurs when a child is purposely physically injured or put at risk of harm by another person. Sexual abuse. Child sexual abuse is any sexual activity with a child. …

Chilblains, also known as pernio, are small patches of inflamed skin. They develop after exposure to air that’s cold or damp (but not freezing). Usually, chilblains form on your fingers or toes. Chilblains are typically red, bluish or purplish. They may feel itchy, tender or painful. Anyone can get chilblains, but people with a low body mass index (BMI) have a higher risk of …

Costochondritis is painful inflammation in the cartilage that connects your ribs to your breastbone (sternum). Those sections of cartilage are your costochondral joints. They’re stiff and strong to help your ribcage protect organs like your heart and lungs. The inflammation can make breathing or moving your chest very painful. The pain can start suddenly or develop slowly and spread (radiate) across your chest. Some people assume that …