Floor of the mouth cancer is a type of oral cancer that develops in the area beneath the tongue. It most often arises from the thin, flat cells lining the mouth and is commonly classified as squamous cell carcinoma. This cancer can affect speech, swallowing, and chewing, and may spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes if not detected early. …

Pulmonary fibrosis is a group of serious lung diseases that affect the respiratory system. Pulmonary fibrosis scars and thickens lung tissue. It impacts the connecting tissue in the lung and the alveoli (air sacs inside the lungs). The lung damage gradually gets worse over time. Hard, stiff lung tissues don’t expand as well as they should, making it harder to breathe. …

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) refers to a group of disorders that cause progressive scarring (fibrosis) of the lung tissue, particularly affecting the interstitium, which is the tissue surrounding the air sacs. This scarring leads to stiffness in the lungs, making it difficult to breathe and deliver oxygen to the bloodstream. ILD can be caused by long-term exposure to irritants, autoimmune …

Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain accompanied by fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive difficulties. It affects how the brain and spinal cord process pain signals, leading to increased sensitivity to pain. Fibromyalgia can affect people of all ages but is more common in women. Although it is a long-term condition, it does not cause joint damage …

Fibromuscular dysplasia is a rare condition that affects the walls of medium-sized arteries, causing abnormal cell growth that leads to narrowing, enlargement, or tearing of the affected blood vessels. It most commonly involves the arteries supplying the kidneys and brain, but other arteries can also be affected. The condition can reduce blood flow and increase the risk of high blood …

Uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths that develop in or on the uterus. They are also known as leiomyomas or myomas. Fibroids vary in size, number, and location, and many people may have fibroids without experiencing symptoms. They are most common during the reproductive years and often shrink after menopause. Although benign, uterine fibroids can sometimes cause significant discomfort and affect …

Fibrocystic breasts is a common, noncancerous condition characterized by lumpy or rope-like breast tissue. It often affects women of reproductive age and is related to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle. Breast tissue may feel more swollen, tender, or nodular before menstruation and improve afterward. Fibrocystic breast changes are considered a normal variation of breast tissue rather than a disease. …

Fibroadenoma is a common benign breast tumor that usually occurs in young women, particularly between the ages of 15 and 35. It is made up of both glandular and connective breast tissue and is not cancerous. Fibroadenomas often feel like smooth, firm, and rubbery lumps that move easily under the skin. They may remain the same size, shrink, or grow …

Fever is a temporary increase in body temperature, usually in response to an illness or infection. It is a natural defense mechanism that helps the body fight infections by making the environment less favorable for viruses and bacteria. In adults, a fever is generally defined as a body temperature of 38°C (100.4°F) or higher. Fever can affect people of all …

Fetal macrosomia is a condition in which a baby grows significantly larger than average during pregnancy. It is usually defined as a birth weight greater than 4,000 to 4,500 grams, regardless of gestational age. Fetal macrosomia increases the risk of complications during labor and delivery for both the mother and the baby. The condition is commonly associated with maternal diabetes …