Overview
An anal fistula is an abnormal passageway that develops from inside your anus to the skin outside. It usually develops in the upper part of your anus (butthole), where your anal glands are. When these glands become infected, drainage from the infection can create a fistula. This infection is called a perianal abscess. (Sometimes an anal fistula is also called a perianal fistula. “Perianal” means in the region of your anus.)
How common is this condition?
A fistula is a relatively common anorectal condition. It’s twice as common in men and people assigned male at birth (AMAB). About half of people who get an infected anal gland will develop a fistula. An infected gland that forms an abscess, a pocket of pus that needs to drain, causes 75% of anal fistulas.
Symptoms
When to see a doctor
Complications
- High blood pressure.
- Diabetes.
- Heart failure.
- Some types of heart valve disease.
Prevention
- Control high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes.
- Don't smoke or use tobacco.
- Eat a diet that's low in salt and saturated fat.
- Exercise at least 30 minutes a day on most days of the week unless your health care team says not to.
- Get good sleep. Adults should aim for 7 to 9 hours daily.
- Maintain a healthy weight.
- Reduce and manage stress.
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