Overview
When two babies are physically connected to each other at birth, they’re called conjoined twins. Experts don’t know exactly what causes the condition. But it likely involves splitting or fusion of very early-stage embryos soon after fertilization. All conjoined twins are identical, and about two-thirds are assigned female at birth (AFAB).
How common are conjoined twins?
Conjoined twins are rare. It’s estimated to occur only once in every 50,000 pregnancies. Because the conjoined anatomy is sometimes incompatible with life, many conjoined embryos will not survive. Up to 60% of conjoined twins are stillborn (not alive at birth) or die shortly after delivery.
Are conjoined twins always identical?
Yes. Conjoined twins are always identical. They’re also more likely to be female.
Symptoms
When to see a doctor
Complications
- High blood pressure.
- Diabetes.
- Heart failure.
- Some types of heart valve disease.
Prevention
- Control high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes.
- Don't smoke or use tobacco.
- Eat a diet that's low in salt and saturated fat.
- Exercise at least 30 minutes a day on most days of the week unless your health care team says not to.
- Get good sleep. Adults should aim for 7 to 9 hours daily.
- Maintain a healthy weight.
- Reduce and manage stress.
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