Dust Mite Allergy

Dust mite allergy is an allergic condition caused by an immune system reaction to proteins found in the waste products and body fragments of dust mites. These microscopic organisms live in household dust, bedding, carpets, and upholstered furniture. Dust mite allergy commonly affects the respiratory system and can trigger allergic rhinitis, asthma symptoms, and skin irritation.

Symptoms

Symptoms may vary in severity and often worsen with prolonged indoor exposure:

• Sneezing

• Runny or stuffy nose

• Itchy nose, throat, or eyes

• Watery or red eyes

• Postnasal drip

• Coughing

• Wheezing or shortness of breath

• Chest tightness

• Worsening of asthma symptoms

• Facial pressure or sinus congestion

Causes

Dust mite allergy develops when the immune system overreacts to dust mite allergens:

• Exposure to dust mite waste particles

• Inhalation of airborne allergens from bedding or furniture

• Immune hypersensitivity to mite proteins

• High indoor humidity promoting mite growth

• Poor ventilation in living spaces

Risk Factors

Several factors increase the risk of developing dust mite allergy:

• Family history of allergies or asthma

• Living in humid or warm climates

• Prolonged indoor exposure

• Poorly ventilated homes

• Use of carpets, heavy curtains, or upholstered furniture

• Sleeping on old mattresses or pillows

Complications

If dust mite allergy is not properly managed, it may lead to:

• Chronic nasal congestion

• Sinus infections

• Sleep disturbances

• Reduced quality of life

• Persistent asthma symptoms

• Increased risk of asthma attacks

• Chronic cough or wheezing

Prevention

Preventive measures focus on reducing dust mite exposure:

• Using allergen-proof mattress and pillow covers

• Washing bedding weekly in hot water

• Keeping indoor humidity low

• Removing carpets and heavy drapes where possible

• Vacuuming with a HEPA filter

• Using washable curtains and blinds

• Maintaining good indoor ventilation