Bedsores (Pressure Ulcers)

Pressure Ulcers – Diagnosis and Treatment

Pressure ulcers, also known as bedsores, are injuries to the skin and underlying tissue caused by prolonged pressure. Proper diagnosis and timely treatment are essential to prevent complications.

Diagnosis

Healthcare professionals assess pressure ulcers through a physical examination and may assign a stage to the wound to guide treatment. Blood tests may also be used to evaluate overall health.

Common questions from your doctor may include:

• When did the sores first appear?

• How painful are the sores?

• Have you had bedsores before and how were they treated?

• What kind of care assistance do you receive?

• How often do you change positions?

• What medical conditions or treatments do you currently have?

• What is your usual diet and fluid intake?

Treatment Team

Managing pressure ulcers often requires a multidisciplinary approach, which may include:

• Primary care professionals overseeing the treatment plan

• Wound care specialists

• Nurses or medical assistants providing daily care and education

• Social workers assisting with emotional support and resources

• Physical and occupational therapists helping with movement and proper seating

• Dietitians recommending nutrition to support healing

• Dermatologists and surgeons, such as neurosurgeons, vascular surgeons, orthopedic surgeons, or plastic surgeons

Reducing Pressure

Lowering pressure on the affected skin is the first step in treatment:

• Change positions regularly according to your condition and the support surface quality

• Use specialized mattresses, beds, or cushions to protect vulnerable skin

Cleaning and Dressing Wounds

Wound care depends on severity and depth:

• Clean the area with gentle cleanser if the skin is intact; use water or saline for open wounds

• Apply appropriate bandages such as films, gauze, gels, foams, or treated dressings to keep the wound moist and protect surrounding skin

Removing Damaged Tissue

Debridement is used to remove dead, damaged, or infected tissue to promote healing. This can involve flushing the wound with water or surgical removal of tissue.

Other Interventions

Additional care measures may include:

• Pain control using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or topical pain relievers

• Adequate nutrition to support tissue repair and wound healing