Dislocated Shoulder

Diagnosis

A healthcare provider examines the affected shoulder for tenderness, swelling, or deformity and checks for any nerve or blood vessel injury. An X-ray of the shoulder joint is typically performed to confirm the dislocation and identify possible fractures or other structural damage.

Additional imaging tests may include:

• Electromyography (EMG) to assess nerve function

• MRI to evaluate soft tissue damage such as ligament or tendon tears

• X-ray for detailed bone imaging

Treatment

Treatment for a dislocated shoulder focuses on repositioning the joint, relieving pain, and restoring function. Depending on the severity of the injury, both nonsurgical and surgical options may be used.

Common treatment approaches include:

• Closed reduction: Gentle manual maneuvers are performed to move the shoulder bones back into position. Pain relief medication, a sedative, or in rare cases, general anesthesia may be used. Pain typically improves immediately after the shoulder is repositioned.

• Surgery: Surgical repair may be necessary for individuals with recurrent dislocations or weakened shoulder ligaments. In rare situations, surgery is also needed if nerves or blood vessels are damaged. Surgery can reduce the likelihood of re-injury, particularly in young athletes.

• Immobilization: After repositioning, a sling or special splint is worn for several weeks to prevent movement and allow healing.

• Medication: Pain relievers and muscle relaxants can help manage discomfort during recovery.

• Rehabilitation: Once immobilization ends, a structured rehabilitation program helps restore flexibility, strength, and stability.

Most simple shoulder dislocations without major tissue or nerve injury improve within a few weeks. Full recovery requires regaining strength and pain-free range of motion before returning to regular activities. Resuming physical activity too soon increases the risk of re-injury.

Lifestyle and Home Remedies

Self-care measures play a key role in easing discomfort and supporting recovery after treatment for a dislocated shoulder.

• Rest the shoulder and avoid activities that caused the dislocation. Limit heavy lifting or overhead movements until healing is complete.

• Apply ice during the first 24–48 hours to reduce pain and swelling. Use a cold pack for 15–20 minutes every few hours.

• Switch to heat therapy after a couple of days to relax muscles and promote blood flow.

• Take over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen, acetaminophen, or naproxen as directed.

• Begin gentle range-of-motion exercises as advised by a healthcare provider to prevent stiffness.

• Continue daily stretching and strengthening exercises once healed to improve shoulder stability and reduce future risk.

Preparing for Your Appointment

Depending on the severity of the injury, you may be referred to an orthopedic specialist for further evaluation.

To prepare for your visit, gather the following:

• A detailed description of your symptoms and how the injury occurred

• Information about past medical issues or shoulder injuries

• A list of all medications and supplements you are currently taking

Questions to Ask Your Doctor

• Is my shoulder dislocated?

• What tests are necessary?

• What treatment options do you recommend?

• How long will recovery take?

• When can I return to sports or physical activities?

• How can I prevent future dislocations?

What to Expect from Your Doctor

Your doctor may ask several questions to better understand your condition, such as:

• How severe is your pain?

• Are you experiencing numbness or tingling in your arm?

• Can you move your arm or shoulder?

• Have you dislocated your shoulder before?

• What activities make the pain worse or better?

Early diagnosis and proper treatment of a dislocated shoulder are essential to ensure complete recovery, prevent chronic instability, and reduce the risk of future dislocations.