Lactose Intolerance

Diagnosis

A healthcare professional may suspect lactose intolerance based on symptoms and how the body responds when dairy intake is reduced.

A hydrogen breath test is commonly used to confirm the diagnosis. In this test:

• A lactose-rich liquid is consumed.

• Breath samples are taken at intervals to measure hydrogen levels.

• High hydrogen levels indicate that lactose is not being fully digested or absorbed.

Treatment

If lactose intolerance is caused by an underlying condition, treating that condition may gradually restore the ability to digest lactose. This process can take several months. For other causes, symptoms can be managed by following a low-lactose diet.

To reduce lactose intake:

• Limit milk and other dairy products.

• Include small servings of dairy within regular meals.

• Use lactose-reduced milk and ice cream.

• Add lactase enzyme (liquid or powder) to milk to help break down lactose.