Overview
Nearsightedness is diagnosed with a basic eye exam. Your eye care specialist will likely ask about your child’s or your medical history and ask about any medicines used.
Visual acuity test
A visual acuity test checks how sharp your vision is at a distance. You cover one eye, and the eye care specialist asks you to read an eye chart with letters or symbols of different sizes. Then you do the same for the other eye. Special charts are designed for very young children.
Phoroptor test
In this test, you read an eye chart while looking through a device that has different lenses. This test helps determine an appropriate prescription to correct vision problems.
Other tests of eye health
Your eye care specialist may do other simple tests to check the following:
- The response of the pupils to light.
- Eye movement.
- Side vision, also called peripheral vision.
- Pressure within the eye.
- The condition of the cornea, pupil, lens and eyelids.
Exam of the inner eye
Your eye care specialist may use a special lens with a light to examine the condition of the retina and optic nerve. The specialist will likely put drops in your eyes to dilate them. This provides a better view of the inner eye. Your eyes will probably be sensitive to light for a few hours. Wear the temporary sunglasses provided by the specialist or your own sunglasses.
Symptoms
When to see a doctor
Complications
- High blood pressure.
- Diabetes.
- Heart failure.
- Some types of heart valve disease.
Prevention
- Control high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes.
- Don't smoke or use tobacco.
- Eat a diet that's low in salt and saturated fat.
- Exercise at least 30 minutes a day on most days of the week unless your health care team says not to.
- Get good sleep. Adults should aim for 7 to 9 hours daily.
- Maintain a healthy weight.
- Reduce and manage stress.
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