Overview
Diagnosis
A doctor may suspect respiratory syncytial virus based on a physical exam and the time of year symptoms occur. During the exam, the doctor listens to the lungs for wheezing or other unusual sounds. Most of the time, laboratory and imaging tests aren’t needed, but they may be used to confirm complications or rule out other illnesses with similar symptoms. Tests that may be done include blood tests to check white blood cell counts or look for germs, chest X-rays to identify lung inflammation, a swab from the mouth or nose to detect the virus, and pulse oximetry to measure oxygen levels in the blood.
Treatment
Treatment for respiratory syncytial virus mainly involves supportive care to keep a child comfortable. Over-the-counter fever reducers such as acetaminophen may be recommended, but aspirin should never be given to a child. Nasal saline drops and suctioning may help relieve congestion, and antibiotics may be used if a bacterial complication develops. Offering plenty of fluids and watching for signs of dehydration, such as dry mouth, decreased urination, sunken eyes and unusual fussiness or sleepiness, is important.
Hospital care may be necessary for severe RSV infection. Treatments during a hospital stay may include intravenous fluids, humidified oxygen or, in rare circumstances, mechanical ventilation. Inhalers or steroids have not been proven helpful for treating RSV infection.
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