Overview
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of yellow nail syndrome is based on the combination of nail changes and symptoms affecting the lungs or lymphatic system. There is no single test to confirm the condition, so healthcare professionals rely on clinical evaluation and supporting tests.
Your healthcare professional may:
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Examine the nails for yellow discoloration, thickening, slowed growth, and separation from the nail bed.
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Review your medical history to identify respiratory problems or swelling in the legs (lymphedema).
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Order imaging tests, such as a chest X-ray or CT scan, to check for fluid buildup around the lungs or chronic respiratory infections.
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Perform lung function tests to assess how well the lungs are working.
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Evaluate lymphatic function to determine if fluid drainage is impaired.
Sometimes, nail clippings or samples may be taken to rule out fungal infections or other causes of nail discoloration.
Treatment
There is no specific cure for yellow nail syndrome, and treatment focuses on managing the symptoms and underlying conditions. The approach often requires coordinated care from dermatologists, pulmonologists, and lymphatic specialists.
Common treatment strategies include:
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Vitamin E supplements, which may improve nail color and growth in some cases.
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Oral zinc or antifungal medications, though their effectiveness varies and fungal infection is not usually the cause.
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Corticosteroid creams or injections to reduce nail inflammation and swelling.
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Antibiotics to treat chronic sinus or lung infections.
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Thoracentesis or pleurodesis if fluid buildup occurs around the lungs.
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Lymphedema management, including compression garments, manual lymphatic drainage, and leg elevation to reduce swelling.
In some people, nail appearance may gradually improve once respiratory or lymphatic symptoms are treated. Regular follow-up is important to monitor for recurring infections and manage long-term complications effectively.
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