Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is cancer that begins on the surface of your cervix. It happens when the cells on your cervix start to change to precancerous cells. HPV (human papillomavirus) infection causes almost all cases of cervical cancer. HPV is a virus that spreads through sexual contact. You can lower your risk of cervical cancer by getting regular cervical cancer screenings (like a Pap smear) and receiving the HPV vaccine.

Cervical cancer often doesn’t cause symptoms until it begins to spread. That’s why regular screenings and the HPV vaccine are so important. Cervical cancer is highly treatable when found in the early stages. A healthcare provider can treat it with surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and other cancer medications.

About 14,000 people in the United States receive a cervical cancer diagnosis each year. Women and people assigned female at birth (AFAB) between the ages of 35 and 44 are most likely to receive a diagnosis.

Types of cervical cancer

There are two main types of cancer of the cervix: squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. About 80% to 90% of cervical cancers are squamous cell carcinomas, while 10% to 20% are adenocarcinomas. You can also have a mix of both types.