Morton’s Neuroma

Morton’s neuroma is a painful foot condition caused by thickening of the tissue surrounding one of the nerves leading to the toes. It most commonly affects the nerve between the third and fourth toes. The condition is not a true tumor but rather a nerve irritation that develops over time.

Morton’s neuroma often causes discomfort while walking or standing and may feel like standing on a pebble or having a fold in the sock. Symptoms may worsen with tight or narrow footwear and improve with rest or shoe changes.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Morton’s neuroma usually develop gradually and may become more noticeable with activity.

Common symptoms include:

• Sharp, burning pain in the ball of the foot

• Pain that radiates into the toes

• Tingling or numbness in the toes

• Feeling of a lump or object under the foot

• Discomfort that worsens with walking or tight shoes

Pain may ease when shoes are removed and the foot is massaged.

Causes

Morton’s neuroma occurs due to repeated irritation, pressure, or injury to a nerve in the foot, leading to nerve thickening.

Possible causes include:

• Wearing tight, narrow, or high-heeled shoes

• Abnormal foot structure such as flat feet or high arches

• Repetitive stress from high-impact activities

• Improper footwear during sports

• Foot deformities that alter weight distribution

Ongoing nerve compression plays a key role in symptom development.

Risk Factors

Certain factors increase the likelihood of developing Morton’s neuroma.

Key risk factors include:

• Wearing high heels or narrow shoes regularly

• Female sex

• Participation in high-impact sports

• Flat feet, high arches, or bunions

• Jobs requiring prolonged standing or walking

The condition is more common in people with long-term foot stress.

Complications

If left untreated, Morton’s neuroma can lead to persistent pain and reduced mobility.

Possible complications include:

• Chronic foot pain

• Difficulty walking or exercising

• Altered gait leading to knee, hip, or back pain

• Reduced quality of life due to activity limitations

Early intervention can help prevent long-term discomfort.

Prevention

Morton’s neuroma may not always be preventable, but certain steps can reduce the risk and prevent symptom worsening.

Preventive measures include:

• Wearing well-fitted shoes with a wide toe box

• Avoiding prolonged use of high heels

• Using cushioned insoles or orthotics

• Taking breaks during prolonged standing or walking

• Maintaining a healthy body weight to reduce foot pressure

Prompt attention to early foot pain can help prevent progression and improve long-term outcomes.