Dwarfism

Dwarfism is short stature that results from a genetic or medical condition. Stature is the height of a person in a standing position. Dwarfism generally is defined as an adult height of 4 feet, 10 inches (147 cm) or less. The average adult height among people with dwarfism is 4 feet, 1 inch (125 cm) for women and 4 feet, 4 inches (132 cm) for men.

Many medical conditions cause dwarfism. In general, dwarfism is divided into two broad categories:

• Disproportionate dwarfism. This is when some parts of the body are small, and others are of average or above-average size. Conditions causing this category of dwarfism get in the way of bone development.
• Proportionate dwarfism. This is when all parts of the body are small to the same degree and appear like a body of average stature. Medical conditions present at birth or that occur in early childhood limit overall growth and development.

Some people prefer the term “short stature” or “little people” rather than “dwarf” or “dwarfism.” It’s important to be sensitive to the preference of someone who has this condition. Short stature conditions don’t include familial short stature — short height that’s thought of as a typical variation with typical bone development.