Ganglion Cyst

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a ganglion cyst typically begins with a physical examination. During the exam, a healthcare provider may press on the cyst to check for tenderness or discomfort. They may also shine a light through the lump to determine whether it is solid or filled with fluid.

Imaging tests such as X-ray, ultrasound, or MRI are sometimes used to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other possible conditions like arthritis or tumors.

In some cases, a small sample of fluid may be drawn from the cyst with a needle. The fluid from a ganglion cyst is usually thick and clear, helping confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Ganglion cysts are often harmless and may not require treatment if they are painless and do not interfere with movement. Many cysts disappear on their own over time. Your healthcare provider may recommend simply monitoring the cyst for changes in size or symptoms.

If the cyst causes discomfort or limits joint movement, treatment options may include:

• Keeping the joint still
  Restricting movement can help reduce the size of the cyst. Wearing a brace or splint for a short period can decrease pressure on nearby nerves and relieve pain. However, long-term use may weaken surrounding muscles.

• Draining the cyst
  The fluid inside the cyst can be removed with a needle in a procedure called aspiration. While this can relieve symptoms, ganglion cysts often return after being drained.

• Surgery
  If other treatments are ineffective, surgical removal may be recommended. The procedure removes both the cyst and the stalk connecting it to the joint or tendon. Surgery is generally safe, but there is a small risk of nerve, blood vessel, or tendon injury. The cyst can sometimes recur even after surgery.