Lyme Disease

Diagnosis

In areas where Lyme disease is common, a characteristic rash may be enough to make a diagnosis. Typically, diagnosis involves:

• Reviewing all signs and symptoms
• Assessing history of known or possible tick exposure
• Blood tests to detect antibodies produced against the bacteria

Treatment

Antibiotics are the primary treatment for Lyme disease. Early treatment usually leads to quicker and more complete recovery.

Antibiotic pills

Oral antibiotics are the standard treatment, typically taken for 10 to 14 days. The duration may be longer depending on symptoms. It is important to complete the full course, even if you feel better.

IV antibiotic

Intravenous (IV) antibiotics may be prescribed for more severe cases, especially if Lyme disease affects:

• The joints, causing long-lasting arthritis
• The nervous system
• The heart

Preventive use of antibiotics

Antibiotics may be given as a preventive measure, called prophylaxis, only if all of these conditions are met:

• The tick is confirmed as a deer tick
• You live in or recently visited a region where Lyme disease is common
• The tick was attached for 36 hours or more

Antibiotics are the only proven treatment for Lyme disease; other treatments have not been shown to be effective.

Illness after Lyme disease

The term “chronic Lyme disease” is sometimes used for ongoing symptoms thought to be related to a prior infection. However, research indicates these symptoms are not caused by active borrelia infection, and prolonged antibiotic use does not improve them.

If you experience new or continuing health issues after Lyme disease, consult your healthcare provider. Symptoms may have other causes, and your provider can help determine the right treatment.