Overview
Anorexia (anorexia nervosa) is an eating disorder in which you restrict the number of calories you consume, resulting in a nutrient deficit and often — but not always — a very low body weight. People with anorexia also have an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image. They often don’t recognize the seriousness of the condition.
If you think frequently about food and your weight, you’re not alone. This is very common — especially in today’s society. But obsessing over food and your weight can be a sign of a bigger problem. If you — or a loved one — develop a deep concern or fear of gaining weight, seek professional help as soon as possible. Anorexia is both a mental and physical condition. Without treatment, it can lead to malnutrition, serious health issues and even death.
Subtypes of anorexia
There are two subtypes of anorexia nervosa based on eating behaviors:
- Restrictive anorexia: With this subtype, the person severely limits the amount and type of food they consume.
- Binge-purge anorexia: With this subtype, the person greatly restricts the amount and type of food they consume. But they also have binge-eating and purging episodes. They may eat large amounts of food in a short time and then intentionally vomit or use laxatives or diuretics to get rid of what they consumed.
How common is anorexia?
Anorexia nervosa affects 0.3% to 1% of people in the United States. It more commonly affects people assigned female at birth (AFAB). But it can develop in people of any age, gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation and economic status.
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